I have two cats that have all their claws, and they only claw scratching posts or intentional clawing surfaces I have around. If you get them young and direct them to claw in that way, they aren't destructive. Also, you may be able to adopt an adult cat that's already been declawed. My last cat was that way--she'd been declawed before I adopted her.

Your mom's not very tolerant of pets, is she?