You just mix the top-off. During top-offs, you only add concentrates to the amount of water you are mixing.

Yes. you ph the water, then add your cal-mag. then check your ph again and adjust if necessary.

Cal-mag is the foundation of growing plants successfully.

In Comnercial Greenhouses; To make a nutrients solution, the 1st 2 ingredients are Calcium Nitrate, and Magnesium Sulphate.

Boosting the Calcinit allows for bigger fruit on the vines. So; We can conclude that adding cal-mag to tap water cannot hurt. Calmag says you can use 3-8ml per gallon. So if you have tap water that contains some calcium and magnesium then you could use the 3ml per gallon option.

Calmag and Liquid karma are not fancy things, as mentioned above. Together they contain all the good beneficial additives for the healthiest plants, in the least expensive way possible. If you cannot afford to buy what you need to grow using a hydroponics method, Then you will not succeed, save blind luck! Wait until you can buy the necessary tools, to do so.

Confusing this with Lucas Method is wrong, because they are 2 different types of growing.

However; Regardless of method: Aero, DWC, NFT, or Drip. You should use full strength formulas. Someone above mentioned twisted leaves. That is because they were misguided by someone telling them to use 1/4 strength nutes. Always mix you nutes full strength according to the bottles directions.

Neither Latewood or Zandor condone mixing nutrients at less than full strength for vegetative or flowering plants. There have been many posts on this topic through the years. You can find them at thegrowreport.

Hope this helps. I thought the whole thing was getting a bit jumbled. Good Luck, and BitemyBud!