11. If you fail the test, raise hell. Failing the drug test has been known to make a quiet person go ballistic. You will be interviewed by a medical review official (MRO), who would try to find out why you tested positive. MRO's are NOT impartial. An MRO is an employee of the lab, and is there for quality control. They are also there to protect the lab by coercing the court into thinking that the person who failed is a drug abuser. "Anything you say to an MRO can and will be used against you" (RDW). If you fight it, your lawyer "can subpoena the proficiency testing records of the laboratory for review" (anon1). These questions should be asked about the lab you are challenging: How does the lab handle samples? Are they NIDA/CAP certified? Do they participate in appropriate proficiency testing? Whay is their track records in the proficiency testing program? Have they ever failed a proficiency test? What are the qualifications of the technical staff performing the test? What technologies do they use to screen and confirm? "Conquering the Urine Tests" provides additional legal advice that will help you before taking a test, and if you fail a test. Laura Gibson, a medical doctor on the internet, tested positive and was not hired. She had a poppy seed bagel that morning, not knowing it was a false positive. She fought it to the point where they just decided to throw out the results and hire her anyway. But don't go taking it to court; it's virtually impossible to win this case. If you're an adult, contact ACLU. If you're a child, don't bother; ACLU won't do anything for children who fail the drug test. Many people ask for advice before the test, then don't report back. There is a way to fight drug testing. If you ever serve as a juror for a case where someone is being charged for a drug offense, and a drug test is used as evidence, be aware of jury nullification. If sufficient evidence is submitted supporting a law you consider unjust, you have a RIGHT to vote not-guilty, simply because you disagree with the law. You may agree with the law, yet disagree with the punishment for that particular crime. If you feel the punishment will be too harsh, you also have the right to vote not-guilty. Vote your conscience. The court never tells the jurors of this [hidden] right, but it's there. The Fully Informed Jury Association is a good source for this information. Many employers no longer show lab results to employees. They just get rejected if seeking employment. Elderly employees are getting fired for failing the test; incidentally losing all of their pension benefits.

12. Employers, parol officers, police, health insurance companies, the military, and as of recently, high school athletic coaches drug test. Many of these people are insensitive, unscrupulous, and could care less about constitutional rights. Some are forced into drug testing, like coaches for example. Parents who can't parent their children adequately have pressured high school coaches to enforce their drug-free values at the expence of civil rights. I do not know the methods these people use. It would be a full time job keep track of testing procedures of different organizations. Please don't email me asking if or how your health insurance provider will drug test you. I don't know. If you have such a question, I suggest posting it to the relevent newsgroups or the mailing list.

12.1 Which companies test, and which don't?: There used to be a usenet 'Just-Say-No-To-Piss-Tests Project' keeping an updated list of companies that either invade or respect your privacy. They would provide bad publicity for companies that test by adding it to the list. If you report a company for not testing you, they would add it to the good list (companies that respect your privacy). (see 14.2.3) Whoever maintained this list may have dropped out of the scene because many are having trouble getting a list. Those who do get the list, find that it's a old one. A couple people in the mailing list discussed starting a new one, but at the moment it doesn't seem to be going anywhere.

13. (I'll keep this brief, this is not a position paper) I believe drug testing is an unreasonable search, and that it forces people to incriminate themselves. Many who take the same position believe drug testing violates the 4th and 5th amendments. The counter argument is that the Constitution doesn't apply to private organizations. It comes down to these values. An employer's right to know who s/he is hiring stands in conflict with an individual's right to privacy. I wrote this paper because I value the right to privacy more. I also believe people SHOULD have the right to consume any substance they want [without limits] given that they are knowledgeable about that chemical. Employers, like anyone, have been effected by the Reafer Madness Movement. The government pushed massive amounts of misinformation throughout communities and schools, and I don't believe that employers are well informed enough yet to dictate what drugs will harm the workplace. The only effective way to select workers is to evaluate their performance on the job. Drugs can actually improve performance. Aspirin relieves pain, allowing a worker to continue. Marijuana (when consumed on the job) makes repetitive factory oriented work more interesting, which lengthens a workers attention span. Marijuana will actually make some people more alert. After intensive testing, someone I know can solve the Rubix Cube 20 seconds faster when stoned. (not scientific proof, yet interesting). Stimulants will keep workers productive at the end of long work days. If the negative effects of drug use begin to show in the worker's performance, their employer has a number of options for dealing with it. Phil Smith summarizes an article in March 1990 Scientific American: [The article] suggested that workers who tested positive for marijuana only: 1) cost less in health insurance benefits; 2) had a higher than average rate of promotion; 3) exhibited less absenteeism; and 4) were fired for cause less often than workers who did not test positive. Since marijuana is the most common illicit drug used by adults, and the one detected in up to 90 percent of all "positive" drug tests (half of which are false), this fact has radical implications for current public and employer policies. I could hardly believe what I was reading, but this article did carry sufficient statistical evidence. I see greater negative effects in drug testing than in drug use. In my opinion, drug testing is un-American because guilt is assumed until the test proves innocence. Our current conservative totalitarian Congress is extremely irresponsible, and the peoples' civil liberties are suffering. This particular privacy violation costs businesses $1.2 billion a year for urinalysis of their workers. The military is notorious for their strict drug tests. (note that marijuana helped soldiers in times of war). If you test positive in California, your drivers license is automatically suspended for 6 months. Nightbyrd has "counseled several, very straight, elderly workers - close to retirement - who were fired and lost their pension benefits because they 'failed their drug test'" (Jeff Nightbyrd). Bernard Williams of the Philadelphia Eagles failed the drug test for marijuana. He was suspended from the NFL for six games for using a drug that doesn't enhance performance. If anything, marijuana would detract from an athletes performance. Let the coach judge Williams performance. Now it's becoming popular for parents to drug test their children. Perfect; let's break up the families; cut down those lines of communication and sneak around spying on our kids. Let's violate the child's privacy. We use DARE like the salem witch hunts - to get children to turn their parents. Now with DrugAlert, parents have a weapon to use on their kids. The U.S. Supreme court just ruled June 1995 that public high schools can require drug test for all student athletes. Many high schools already do random searches on students; not for weapons, but for drugs. After all, the Constitution has failed to protect children in the classroom, why not expand? Students have lost 1st, 4th, and 5th amendment rights, and I think it's absurd. We have patriotic history teachers telling children of their Constitutional rights, yet children aren't given these rights on campus. Kids get kicked out of school for questioning rules that violate the Constitution. It's also important to consider the discrimination factor. People with dark skin may fail the urine test due to the false positive melenin. Drugs are detected easier in dark haired people when the hair test is used. We are sacrificing too many important rights by allowing drug testing to continue. Until this unjust drug testing frenzy is put to an end, children, workers, military service people, and parolee's need to learn how to protect themselves from the drug test.

14. I have no medical or legal credentials. I haven't even been drug tested myself (because I refuse to). I use the internet to research drug testing, and compile this paper from that information. I've talked to several knowledgeable people who either drug test, or get drug tested. I'm an activist against the War on [Some] Drugs, and I think that the government has taken the drug war to a ludicrous level. Laws created by the legislature to protect me from myself demonstrate how totalitarian this country has become. NORML reports that every *9* seconds someone gets arrested for marijuana posession. Incidentally, I've taken an interest in methods for 'beating the system'; although I would only implement methods for beating an unjust system (such as drug testing). I may find out how to beat the breathalyzer test (and publish it), yet I remain strongly opposed to DUI. That goes into my belief in freedom of information. The government bans lots of information that should be public access.

14.1 Contacting the author: You may e-mail comments/corrections/suggestions to me. Send questions to the urine-test mailing list. This way several people including me will get the question, and I won't be burdened with having to reply to all the mass mail that I get. I probably won't be able to answer questions that this paper doesn't answer, but I can direct them to a more knowledgeable source. Here is my public key: -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- Version: 4.5 Comment: Top Secret Underground Transmittal mQENAzL6vNABSAEIAK5f1ShtC2Q0tTMppXRsSsBNoFSocs+Bxw TsMWREqYS4kxB5 Hr9lfo20aU3ksIklximU5hqa/umOaVtSrb9UyfC3aMBLoXLjj3bpnRlei4Knc4sX v5XDY0hQDFbygewzE0lKxjZ90LcT4wpLIsxUJWzw8SY5XD5lVO WM1+Wd1B0CzQMY A6Iq/bqJDVbk1fBdDH3EJ0zE1DZY3XbRT0dA9uB3Hp8mSjH8nVehOpa TcIs5guSa j7LEimdH+/QyBo7UDQBysF7qnln/N0LpHb9ZzQadp6S6mYQpefJCS6e2zOPm0rwM Jtjo/d1fOiEX36vJ9sfqMs+D2XuB0pgpZ3w0zycABRG0IEp1c3RpbiB Hb21ib3Mg PGpnb21ib3NAY3N1bi5lZHU+tBM8aGJjc2MwOTZAY3N1bi5lZH U+ =d137 -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- I encourage everyone to use encryption, Uncle Sam is watching! I also encourage everyone to use anonymous accounts, like anon.penet.fi. If you don't have an anonymous account, I promise to keep your identity confidential. I would never disclose my sources, even to a badge. E-mail [email protected] to get an anonymous account. I will assume everyone wants to be anonymous, so I default to not publishing your name or address in the credits. If you provide me with information and want to be cited in the sources, tell me explicitly. Many of my readers are experts in the field. If you want to be available for consulting directly to the public, let me know and I'll add your address to the sources. Justin Gombos E-mail: Snail-Mail: 17950 Lassen St., 11-302, Northridge, CA 91330 URL: http://www.csun.edu/~hbcsc096/dt 15. (anon1): an anonymous toxicologist. Details in section

16. Made reference to Clin Pharmacol Ther 38 (85) 572-578 and Pharmacol Rev 38 (86) 151-178. 16.

16.1 Contributors: Thanks to everyone who contributed information! Many of my contributors use anonymous accounts, or have requested that I keep them totally anonymous. anon1: Anonymous contributor #1 is a clinical biochemist/toxicologist working as the non-medical director of a small clinical laboratory. S/He holds three degrees: a masters in biochemistry, a bachelors in chemistry and an associates in medical laboratory technology and is certified as a Clinical Laboratory Scientist by NCA. S/He has worked in the clinical laboratory field for 18 years and specifically in drug testing labs for over fives years. In addition, s/he has been recognized as a expert before several states and the federal courts in matters relating to drug and alcohol testing and it effects on driving performance. S/He has testified for both the prosecution and defense so his testimony has been recognized as unbiased. California NORML: helped with information on detection times. Clinton (not Bill). Clinton has worked as a lab assistant in two drug testing lab's, and has other family members in the field. In usenet, Clinton is known as ZZYZX. Dr. Grow . Dr. Grow studies molecular biology. Nightbyrd, Jeff (founder of Byrd Labs): Nightbyrd is the author of the "Conquering the Urine Tests" pamphlet. His 11th edition was updated in 1996 and is out via snail-mail for $5. The pamphlet provides some more elaborate information, and includes statistics and stories. Nightbyrd has worked several years on protecting workers civil rights, and a majority of my information comes from all the free consulting he has provided (he's practically a coauthor). If anyone has a related law suit underway, Mr. Nightbyrd has one of the most extensive libraries of materials in the country. E-mail ; Voice 800/480-2468; FAX 512/478-7706. Pearson, Anne Watters (founder of Martha Butterfield-Jay Foundation): Pearson is devoted to counseling and coaching people faced with piss testing. E-mail . Smith, Phillip. Phillip Smith is a Portland NORML member who has helped edit this paper, making corrections on grammar and content.

16.2 Works cited Scientific American, "Science and the Citizen". March 1990. pp.18 & 22 Thein, Lori A.; Thein, Jill M.; Landry, Gregory L. "Ergogenic Aids. Special Series: Pharmacology." PHYSICAL THERAPY. May, 1995. p. 426

16.3 For additional information: American Civil Liberties Union: 212/944-9800 Austin Nutritional Research: http://www.realtime.net/anr Byrd Labs: Jeff Nightbyrd's creation. Byrd labs has run more than 2,000 tests on urine and additives. 800/333-2152 California NORML: 415/563-5858; e-mail . CAPP: Hi tech workers rights organization. 512/448-4804 Carson, Ed. JUST SAY NO TO DRUG TESTS - How to Beat the Whiz Quiz. ISBN 0-87364-624-X Conquering the Urine Tests: see Jeff Nightbyrd (16.1) Digit Press (GA) Info Line: 404/924-1393 Drug Testing Hotline in California: 900/844-test Fully Informed Jury Association: For free Jury Power Information Kit, call 800/TEL-JURY. FIJA national snail-mail: PO Box 59, Helmville, MT 59843. 406/793-5550. Mr. Peyman (FIJA affiliate) 714/838-2896. http://intele.net/~harald/fija/fija_us.htm Hoffman, Abbie. STEAL THIS URINE TEST. J&J Enterprizes (aka Freedom Wholesalers): Distributes The Stuff and Naturally Klean Herbal Tea Direct questions to 800/883-3869. FAX orders to 303/765-5732. Snail-Mail: PO Box 102311, Denver, CO 80250. http://www.imall.com/stores/stuff Klear: 40 4th Street #216, Petaluma, CA 94952 800/661-1357 Legal Action Center: 212/243-1313 Martha Butterfield-Jay Foundation (Oklahoma NORML): MBJF sent me free literature, and a brochure on of their products. If you call, a machine will answer. Calls will be returned collect. P.O. Box 57214, Oklahoma City, OK 73157 405/521-URIN National Lawyers Guild: 212/614-6464 NORML: NORML operates a Drug Testing & Information Hotline. I don't recommend this hotline. People have called this line needing important drug testing information in a hurry, only to get a recording. For the price, I would expect a live person. The charge is $2.95 per minute. 900/97-NORML. 1636 'R' St. N.W., 3rd Floor, Washington D.C. 20009 NORML Legal Referral: 202/483-5500 Party Hut Enterprises: Distributor of Carbo Clean, Whizzies, and Klear. If you would like to have more information about this product or a catalog of the 100's of other products that they carry just e-mail Charles Alvis. or . They also have an online headshop located at http://www.paranoia.com/~partyhut Performance Factors: Makes video imparment test. 415/769-8300 PharmChem Laborities Inc.: Boycott PharmChem for supplying the sweat patch. Jay Whitney or David Asheim can be reached (harassed) at 415/328-6200 Puri-Blend: 800/886-3234 Sampson Health Products: E-mail: [email protected]. Snail mail: 901 Rhode Rd., Kyle, Texas 78640. http://www.sampson.com. Call 512/376-2537 anytime to speak to an operator, leave message, or automated fax. Testing Expert Witness: Good for legal cases. 615/579-5425 Zydot Unlimited, Inc.: 800/725-2481

16.3.1 Drug testing consultants on the net: If you want to be listed here as a free consultant, let me know. [email protected]: These people are looking to answer tough questions. They say if they don't know an answer, they'll research it for you. Me: I'll make an effort to answer questions. If I can't answer something, I'm in contact with toxicologists and other experts who choose to remain anonymous. I will direct questions to them. Jeff Nightbyrd: Consult Nightbyrd with any drug testing question. Legal issues are his specialty.

16.3.2 Drug testing mailing list: E-mail with "subscribe urine-test Firstname Lastname" as the body. Nicholas Merrill maintains the mailing list as well as a WEB page saturated with information and links. http://www.calyx.com/urine-test.html.

16.3.3 Sites and Internet sources: A list of sites relating to drug testing. My page has a rolling version of the drugtesting faq, meaning it's updated continuously without a version number. http://www.csun.edu/~hbcsc096/dt Other drug testing sites: http://htrac.com/ http://hyperreal.com/drugs/politics/drug.testing http://www-unix.oit.umass.edu/~verdant/whizquiz http://www.en.utexas.edu/~babydoll/...tudents/finals/ drupublic_html http://www.foobar.uk/users/ukcia/piss.html http://www.foobar.co.uk/users/ukcia/piss.html http://www.ksu.edu/~floersh/drugs/test/test.html http://www.pantless.com/~pdxnorml http://www.paranoia.com/drugs/ http://www1.jis.net/~deadhead/test.html CALC_THC.EXE: http://www.csun.edu/~hbcsc096/dt/calc_thc.exe Just-Say-No-To-Piss-Tests Project: gopher://gopher.well.sf.ca.us:70/00/Politics/piss.list http://www.calyx.com/urine/piss-list.txt To get the perspective of drug testing advocates, visit: http://www.lec.org/Drug_Watch/Publi...ts/DWDTPOS.html (I read this page for entertainment purposes only Drug testing sites to avoid: These sites may contain a lot of useful information, but they also contain enough misinformation to cause harm. Cannabis Action Network: This is an extreme case of misinformation. *AVOID*http://www1.jis.net/%7Edeadhead/pisstest.html High Times: Some correct information can be found here, but there is too much misinformation for me to endorse it. *AVOID*http://www.hightimes.com/~hightimes/ht/tow/tes

16.2.4 Newsgroups: newsgroups of interest. alt.activism misc.activism.progressive alt.drugs rec.drugs.cannabis alt.drugs.culture rec.drugs.misc alt.drugs.pot rec.drugs.psychedelics talk.politics.drugs alt.privacy sci.techniques.testing.misc

17. I'm taking the Phillip Zimmerman approach. Our rights are in the line of fire, and I think everyone should have free access to this information. I want it to become widespread before the government has a chance to react. Our current Congress is a threat to civil liberties, and they have been launching anti-expression policies - targeting the internet. Non-profit users/orgs may distribute unmodified versions of this text freely. I regret that I cannot sign this document because there seems to be a bug where the signing process tampers with my public key in section 14.1.

Works Cited:
User 'Cynnik' on Somethingawful.com forums.