Hi amigo, welcome to the forums.

Hey, I'd love to give you all the pointers you need but what you're asking can all be found on this site or on others .

vegetation is when you put light on your plants for 18 hours, or 24 hours.
flowering is when you put light on your plants for 12 hours

the cycle of the plant is to be found everywhere here

your speaker is a bit too small IMO but i've seen pple growing in smaller spaces, so good luck

for lighting, it's best to use some sort of Envirolite for vegetation, and a Metal Halide or HPS for flowering. (this is gonna cost ya )

ventilation is always necessary. you don't want your girls suffocating like crazy.

soil & food... I don't know, the choice is so big you might wanna do some product comparison.

No get out there and grow some tomatoes !