SAFETY

Proven: Cannabis is safe medicine
Proven: Cannabis is safe medicine

Excerpt from the Merck Manual
Excerpt from the Merck Manual

Medical use of cannabinoids does not cause an increase in serious adverse health effects
International Association for Cannabis as Medicine

Claims Linking Health Problems And The Strength Of Cannabis May Be Exaggerated
Claims Linking Health Problems And The Strength Of Cannabis May Be Exaggerated

Alcohol and cannabis use as risk factors for injury - a case-crossover analysis in a Swiss hospital emergency department
BioMed Central | Full text | Alcohol and cannabis use as risk factors for injury - a case-crossover analysis in a Swiss hospital emergency department

The good and the bad effects of (−) trans-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) on humans
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science...1f5aad8825d28b

Health Risks of Marijuana Still Not Nailed Down
Medical News: Health Risks of Marijuana Still Not Nailed Down - in Psychiatry, Addictions from MedPage Today

Harms associated with psychoactive substances: findings of the UK National Drug Survey
Unbound MEDLINE | Harms associated with psychoactive substances: findings of the UK National Drug Survey. Journal article

Marijuana-Related Health Costs Minimal Compared To Those Of Alcohol, Tobacco
Marijuana-Related Health Costs Minimal Compared To Those Of Alcohol, Tobacco




SAFETY-ADULTERANTS/ CONTAMINANTS

Smoke Pot, Get Lead Poisoning? (Germany/Europe)
Smoke Pot, Get Lead Poisoning?

Neuropsychological effects of formaldehyde use
Unbound MEDLINE | Neuropsychological effects of formaldehyde use. Journal article abstract

Microbiological contaminants of marijuana (1994)
Microbiological contaminants of marijuana

Paraquat and marijuana: epidemiologic risk assessment.
Paraquat and marijuana: epidemiologic risk assessment.

Adulteration of cannabis with tobacco, calamus, and other cholinergic compounds
http://www.cannabis-med.org/english/..._2008_04_2.pdf


An evaluation of the quality of medicinal grade cannabis in the Netherlands
http://www.cannabis-med.org/english/..._2006_01_1.pdf

Marijuana smoking and fungal sensitization.
Marijuana smoking and fungal sensitization. [J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1983] - PubMed result

Ammonia release from heated 'street' cannabis leaf and its potential toxic effects on cannabis users.
Unbound MEDLINE | Ammonia release from heated 'street' cannabis leaf and its potential toxic effects on cannabis users. Journal article abstract

The use of fry (embalming fluid and PCP-laced cigarettes or marijuana sticks) among crack cocaine smokers
Unbound MEDLINE | The use of fry (embalming fluid and PCP-laced cigarettes or marijuana sticks) among crack cocaine smokers. Journal article abstract

Lead poisoning due to adulterated marijuana in leipzig.
Unbound MEDLINE | Lead poisoning due to adulterated marijuana in leipzig. Journal article abstract



SATIVEX

Questions and Answers About SATIVEX® Liquid Medical Marijuana
Questions and Answers About SATIVEX�® Liquid Medical Marijuana

Sativex in the treatment of pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis
Preliminary assessment of the efficacy, tolerability and safety of a cannabis-based medicine (Sativex) in the treatment of pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis -- Blake et al. 45 (1): 50 -- Rheumatology

Sativex produced significant improvements in a subjective measure of spasticity
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Sativex in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis associated detrusor overactivity
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Sativex showed positive effects in 65 per cent of patients with chronic diseases
International Association for Cannabis as Medicine

Cannabis; adverse effects from an oromucosal spray.
http://marijuana.researchtoday.net/archive/4/8/1357.htm

Cannabis, pain, and sleep: lessons from trials of Sativex, a cannabis-based medicine.
Cannabis, pain, and sleep: lessons from therapeutic clinical trials of Sativex, a cannabis-based medicine.

Sativex successfully treats neuropathic pain characterised by allodynia
ScienceDirect - Pain : Sativex successfully treats neuropathic pain characterised by allodynia: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Conditional okay for cannabis prescription drug
Drug Regulation: Conditional okay for cannabis prescription drug

Cannabis-Based Drug Relieves Arthritis Pain
Medical News: Cannabis-Based Drug Relieves Arthritis Pain - in Rheumatology, Arthritis from MedPage Today






SCHIZOPHRENIA/ MENTAL DISORDERS

Increased cannabinoid receptor density in the posterior cingulate cortex in schizophrenia. (may need free registration)
http://www.medscape.com/medline/abstract/16710682

Symptoms of schizotypy precede cannabis use.
UKCIA forum :: Research :: Symptoms of schizotypy precede cannabis use.

Cannabidiol as an antipsychotic
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Anandamide levels in cerebrospinal fluid of first-episode schizophrenic patients
Unbound MEDLINE | Anandamide levels in cerebrospinal fluid of first-episode schizophrenic patients: Impact of cannabis use. Journal article abstract



Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-Induced Effects on Psychosis and Cognition
Unbound MEDLINE | An Experimental Study of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Val(158)Met Moderation of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-Induced Effects on Psychosis and Cognition. Journal article abstract

Cannabis is a First-Line Treatment for Childhood Mental Disorders
Dr. Tod Mikuriya: Cannabis as a Frontline Treatment for Childhood Mental Disorders

Cannabis does not induce schizophrenia,
Cannabis does not induce schizophrenia, Dutch scientists say

Cannabis use does not cause schizophrenia
Cannabis use does not cause schizophrenia -Schizophrenia News-

Cannabinoids and psychosis.
Cannabinoids and psychosis. [Int Rev Neurobiol. 2007] - PubMed result

Cannabis as a psychotropic medication
Cannabis as a psychotropic medication -- Chaturvedi 185 (1): 78 -- The British Journal of Psychiatry

Study Shows Long Term Marijuana Users Healthy
Erowid Cannabis Vault : Health Effects : Study #3

Cannabis and schizophrenia link blurs further
Cannabis and schizophrenia link blurs further - health - 16 April 2005 - New Scientist

Aetiology - Review: current evidence does not show a strong causal relation between the use of cannabis in young people and psychosocial harm NHS Evidence - Mental health - Aetiology - Review: current evidence does not show a strong causal relation between the use of cannabis in young people and psychosocial harm

No Increased Schizophrenia Risk With Use Of Cannabis
No Increased Schizophrenia Risk With Use Of Cannabis: The Hempire - [cannabis, legalise]

Recipe For Trouble (anecdotal)
Recipe For Trouble - 48 Hours - CBS News




Cannabidiol as an antipsychotic. A double-blind, controlled clinical trial on cannabidiol vs. amisulpride in acute schizophrenia.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Cannabis and psychosis
Cannabis and psychosis

The Mental Health Risks of Adolescent Cannabis Use
The Mental Health Risks of Adolescent Cannabis Use

Synthetic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol) can improve the symptoms of schizophrenia.
Unbound MEDLINE | Synthetic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol) can improve the symptoms of schizophrenia. Journal article abstract

Parasitic brain infection, endocannabinoids, and schizophrenia.
Unbound MEDLINE | Parasitic brain infection, endocannabinoids, and schizophrenia. Journal article abstract

The role of cannabis in cognitive functioning of patients with schizophrenia.
Unbound MEDLINE | The role of cannabis in cognitive functioning of patients with schizophrenia. Journal article abstract

Schizophrenia link to cannabis denied
Study rebuffs mental illness link with cannabis| Research set to re-open debate on legalisation

Cannabis use and deliberate self-harm in adolescence: a comparative analysis of associations in England and Norway.
Unbound MEDLINE | Cannabis use and deliberate self-harm in adolescence: a comparative analysis of associations in England and Norway. Journal article abstract

Maternal tobacco, cannabis and alcohol use during pregnancy and risk of adolescent psychotic symptoms in offspring.
Unbound MEDLINE | Maternal tobacco, cannabis and alcohol use during pregnancy and risk of adolescent psychotic symptoms in offspring. Journal article abstract



Cannabis and suicide: longitudinal study.
Cannabis and suicide: longitudinal study. [Br J Psychiatry. 2009] - PubMed result

Opposite relationships between cannabis use and neurocognitive functioning in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
Unbound MEDLINE | Opposite relationships between cannabis use and neurocognitive functioning in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Journal article

If cannabis caused schizophrenia-how many cannabis users may need to be prevented in order to prevent one case of schizophrenia? England and Wales calculations.
Unbound MEDLINE | If cannabis caused schizophrenia-how many cannabis users may need to be prevented in order to prevent one case of schizophrenia? England and Wales calculations. Journal article

Minimal Relationship Between Cannabis And Schizophrenia Or Psychosis, Suggested By New Study
Minimal Relationship Between Cannabis And Schizophrenia Or Psychosis, Suggested By New Study

Can recreational doses of THC produce significant dopamine release in the human striatum?
Unbound MEDLINE | Can recreational doses of THC produce significant dopamine release in the human striatum? Journal article

Maternal Marijuana use not Associated with Psychotic Symptoms , but Alcohol is
Maternal Marijuana use not Associated with Psychotic Symptoms , but Alcohol is





SICKLE CELL DISEASE

Sickle Cell Disease and Cannabis
AAMC: Those who suffer from sickle-cell disease experience painful episodes or attacks

Marijuana smoking in young adults with sickle cell
Illinois NORML - Cannabis Use Prevalent Among Sickle Cell Patients

Medical use of cannabis in sickle cell disease
Medical use of cannabis in sickle cell disease - Current medical events - Hemp and Medicine - Benvenuti su www.Chanvre-info.ch! Lo specialista dellla canapa (Cannabis) in Svizzera.

Cannabis use in sickle cell disease: a questionnaire study.
Cannabis use in sickle cell disease: a questionnai... [Br J Haematol. 2005] - PubMed result





SLEEP MODULATION

Cannabidiol, a constituent of Cannabis sativa, modulates sleep in rats. (may need free registration)
http://www.medscape.com/medline/abstract

Cannabis-based medicine in central pain in multiple sclerosis.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Two cannabis based medicinal extracts for relief of central neuropathic pain
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Functional role for cannabinoids in respiratory stability during sleep
AAMC: Functional role for cannabinoids in respiratory stability during sleep

THC reduces sleep apnoea in animal research
International Association for Cannabis as Medicine

Cannabis, pain, and sleep: lessons from trials of Sativex, a cannabis-based medicine.
Cannabis, pain, and sleep: lessons from therapeutic clinical trials of Sativex, a cannabis-based medicine.

Dronabinol and marijuana in HIV-positive marijuana smokers. Caloric intake, mood, and sleep.
Dronabinol and marijuana in HIV-positive marijuana smokers. Caloric intake, mood, and sleep.

Effect of illicit recreational drugs upon sleep: Cocaine, ecstasy and marijuana.
Effect of illicit recreational drugs upon sleep: c... [Sleep Med Rev. 2008] - PubMed result

The nonpsychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is a wake-inducing agent.
Unbound MEDLINE | The nonpsychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is a wake-inducing agent. Journal article abstract

Effect of cannabis and certain of its constituents on pentobarbitone sleeping time and phenazone metabolism
Effect of cannabis and certain of its constituents on pentobarbitone sleeping time and phenazone metabolism

The Effects of Nabilone on Sleep in Fibromyalgia: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Unbound MEDLINE | The Effects of Nabilone on Sleep in Fibromyalgia: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal article





SMOKED CANNABIS AS A MEDICATION

Fitness to drive in spite (because) of THC
Unbound MEDLINE | [Fitness to drive in spite (because) of THC] Journal article abstract

The perceived effects of smoked cannabis on patients with multiple sclerosis.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Effects of smoked marijuana on food intake and body weight
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Effects of smoked marijuana in experimentally induced asthma.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Smoked marijuana and oral delta-9-THC on specific airway conductance in asthmatic subjects
Acute effects of smoked marijuana and oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on specific airway conductance in asthmatic subjects

The effects of smoked cannabis in painful peripheral neuropathy
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Inhalation marijuana as an antiemetic for cancer chemotherapy.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Oral vs. Inhaled Cannabinoids for Nausea/Vomiting from Cancer Chemotherapy
Report on New Mexico Cancer/Marijuana Study

Dronabinol and marijuana in HIV-positive marijuana smokers: caloric intake, mood, and sleep.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

The perceived effects of smoked cannabis on patients with multiple sclerosis.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Epilepsy patients are smoking pot
ASA : Medical marijuana

Anticonvulsant nature of marihuana smoking
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Marijuana Smoking vs Cannabinoids for Glaucoma Therapy
Arch Ophthalmol -- Marijuana Smoking vs Cannabinoids for Glaucoma Therapy, November 1998, Green 116 (11): 1433

Marihuana smoking and intraocular pressure.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

CANNABIS AND MARINOL IN THE TREATMENT OF MIGRAINE HEADACHE
Cannabis and Marinol in the Treatment of Migraine Headache

Marinol vs Natural Cannabis
http://www.norml.org/pdf_files/NORML...l_Cannabis.pdf

Smoked cannabis therapy for HIV-related painful peripheral neuropathy
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Marijuana smoking in young adults with sickle cell
Illinois NORML - Cannabis Use Prevalent Among Sickle Cell Patients

Medical use of cannabis in sickle cell disease
Medical use of cannabis in sickle cell disease - Current medical events - Hemp and Medicine - Benvenuti su www.Chanvre-info.ch! Lo specialista dellla canapa (Cannabis) in Svizzera.

Antiemetic efficacy of smoked marijuana: subjective and behavioral effects on nausea induced by syrup of ipecac.
Antiemetic efficacy of smoked marijuana: subjectiv... [Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2001 Jul-Aug] - PubMed result

Evaluation of herbal cannabis characteristics by medical users: a randomized trial
Evaluation of herbal cannabis characteristics by medical users: a randomized trial

Chronic Cannabis Use in the Compassionate Investigational New Drug Program
AAMC: Chronic Cannabis Use in the Compassionate Investigational New Drug Program

A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Cross-Over Trial of Cannabis Cigarettes in Neuropathic Pain
http://www.cmcr.ucsd.edu/geninfo/Wilsey_2008.pdf

Marijuana Smoking Doesn't Kill
Marijuana Smoking Doesn't Kill

SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT

Some go without a cigarette: characteristics of cannabis users who have never smoked tobacco.
Some go without a cigarette: characteristics of cannabis users who have never smoked tobacco.

Marijuana use motives and social anxiety among marijuana-using young adults.
Marijuana use motives and social anxiety among marijuana-using young adults.

Long-term cannabis use: characteristics of users in an Australian rural area.
Long-term cannabis use: characteristics of users i... [Addiction. 1998] - PubMed result

Cannabis and crime: findings from a longitudinal study.
Unbound MEDLINE | Cannabis and crime: findings from a longitudinal study. Journal article





SPASTICITY

The treatment of spasticity with Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in persons with spinal cord injury.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Cannabis-based medicine in spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Sativex produced significant improvements in a subjective measure of spasticity
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Do cannabis-based medicinal extracts have general or specific effects on symptoms in ms?
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Efficacy, safety and tolerability of an oral cannabis extract in the treatment of spasticity
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Are oral cannabinoids safe and effective in refractory neuropathic pain?
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Experiences with THC-treatment in children and adolescents
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

The treatment of spasticity with D9-THC in patients with spinal cord injury
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

The effect of orally and rectally administered delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on spasticity
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Nabilone in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Treatment of spasticity in spinal cord injury with dronabinol
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol shows antispastic and analgesic effects
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Effect of cannabinoids on spasticity and ataxia in multiple sclerosis.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Delta-9-THC in the treatment of spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Effect of Delta-9-THC on EMG Measurements in Human Spasticity
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

The effect of delta-9-THC on human spasticity.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Cannabis effect on spasticity in spinal cord injury.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Treatment of human spasticity with delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol.
` Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Marihuana as a therapeutic agent for muscle spasm or spasticity.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

The perceived effects of marijuana on spinal cord injured males.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports



Motor effects of delta 9 THC in cerebellar Lurcher mutant mice.
Unbound MEDLINE | Motor effects of delta 9 THC in cerebellar Lurcher mutant mice. Journal article abstract

Cannabis-based medicine in spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis
Unbound MEDLINE | Randomized controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis. Journal article abstract

Nabilone significantly reduces spasticity-related pain
Unbound MEDLINE | Low dose treatment with the synthetic cannabinoid Nabilone significantly reduces spasticity-related pain : A double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial. Journal article abstract

Whole plant cannabis extracts in the treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review
Whole plant cannabis extracts in the treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review





SPINAL CORD INJURY


The treatment of spasticity with Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in persons with spinal cord injury.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Are oral cannabinoids safe and effective in refractory neuropathic pain?
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

The treatment of spasticity with D9-THC in patients with spinal cord injury
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Delta-9-THC as an alternative therapy for overactive bladders in spinal cord injury
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

The effect of orally and rectally administered delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on spasticity
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Treatment of spasticity in spinal cord injury with dronabinol
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol shows antispastic and analgesic effects
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

The effect of delta-9-THC on human spasticity.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Cannabis effect on spasticity in spinal cord injury.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

Marihuana as a therapeutic agent for muscle spasm or spasticity.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports

The perceived effects of marijuana on spinal cord injured males.
Clinical Studies and Case Reports







STROKE

Cannabidiol has a cerebroprotective action
Unbound MEDLINE | Delayed treatment with cannabidiol has a cerebroprotective action via a cannabinoid receptor-independent myeloperoxidase-inhibiting mechanism. Journal article abstract

Delta(9)-THC) prevents cerebral infarction
Unbound MEDLINE | Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC) prevents cerebral infarction via hypothalamic-independent hypothermia. Journal article abstract

Medical marijuana: study shows that THC slows atherosclerosis
The Next Hurrah: Medical marijuana: study shows that THC slows atherosclerosis

US Patent 6630507 - Cannabinoids as antioxidants and neuroprotectants
Cannabinoids as antioxidants and neuroprotectants - US Patent 6630507 Abstract

Dope hope for stroke victims (1998)
BBC News | Sci/Tech | Dope hope for stroke victims