My first attempt and need some advice

[Rusty Trichome]

We are using wall kitchen cabinets lined with the styrofoam insulation.

Styrofoam will trap heat. Something to be aware of. (flat white paint would suffice)

I am ready to drop these seeds in soil tomorrow.

??? I thought you planted them the day before the cops showed-up...?

1) I am using CFL's and I am unable to figure out how many light I should have in each cabinet and what watts etc, each should be according to whether vegging or flowering. Can I mount lights to the side and back and if so, how far away from the lights mounted to the side/back should the plants be? Also, how many plants should I have in each cabinet. Would 3 in veg and 3 in flower be too crowded?

Actually...that's questions one through five.
1A) Trial and error with the quantity of lights. However many you can fit before heat becomes an issue. Plan on providing ventilation, and plants always need air circulation and a breeze to strengthen the stems and provide CO2.
1B) Would hang lights on a chain, so they can be adjusted as plants develop.
1C) A couple of inches from plant. Just close enough to not burn, lol.
1D) As many plants as will fit. (one plant per pot) You can always cull the slowpokes and underperformers. Also depends on pot size.
1E) Not too crowded, if you put them in seperate cabs.

2) should I veg in 1 smaller cabinet and flower in the 2 bigger ones or veg in 2 smaller cabinets and flower in bigger one. I suppose there is not correct answer, just curious as to how you would split it and why.

I'd veg in the smaller cabinet, flower in the bigger one. You'll eventually transplant into larger pots. (measure and get as big of pots that will fit in the cabinets)