Glossary Of Lighting Terms

Lighting Terms

AVERAGE LIFE - The life expectancy of a lamp, based on laboratory
tests.

AMPERE (AMP) - The unit used to measure the strength of an electric current.

ARC - The luminous discharge of electricity between two electrodes in HID lighting.

ARC DISCHARGE - A transfer of electricity across two electrodes (anode and cathode), characterized by high electrode current densities and a low voltage drop at the electrode.

ARC TUBE - The enclosure which contains the luminous gases and also houses the arc.

BALLAST - An auxiliary piece of equipment designed to start and to properly control the flow of power to gas discharge light sources such as fluorescent and high intensity discharge lamps. In metal halide systems, it is composed of the transformer, capacitor and connecting wiring; sodium systems require an ignitor in addition to the transformer and capacitor.

BASE - The end of the lamp that inserts into the lamp socket.

BU - An industry code indicating that the bulb is to be operated only in a base up position.

BULB - The glass outer envelope component of an HID lamp which protects the arc tube.

BURNING POSITION - The position in which a lamp is designed to be
operated.

CAPACITOR - An electronic device that can store electrical charge. The capacitor is one of the main components of an HID lighting ballast. Because they can store a very strong electrical charge, capacitors can be very dangerous to someone who is unaware of this fact and opens a ballast in order to examine or repair it. If one does not know how to safely discharge the stored electricity, one should allow a trained technician to do any ballast repairs.

COLD START TIME - The length of time required to bring an HID lamp to 90% light output from a cold condition.

COLOUR TEMPERATURE or KELVIN TEMPERATURE - The unit of measurement to express the colour (spectrum) of light emitted by a lamp.

CONVERSION BULB - A bulb of a certain spectrum type (e.g. sodium) specially designed to operate while used in the fixture/ballast of a different type (e.g. metal halide). The most popular conversion bulbs by far are sodium conversion bulbs, which allow one to have the sodium spectrum while still using a metal halide system.

DOME - The portion of an HID outer bulb located opposite base (the neck and threads).

DOME SUPPORT - The spring-like brackets which mount the arc tube within the outer envelope (bulb).

DISCHARGE LAMP - A lamp that produces light by discharging an electric arc through a mixture of gases and gaseous metals.

ELECTRODES - Filaments located at either end of a discharge lamp that maintain an electrical arc between them.

FIXTURE - The electrical fitting used to contain the electric components of a lighting system.

FLUORESCENT LAMP - A discharge lamp in which a phosphor coating transforms ultraviolet energy into visible light. Fluorescent lamps are good for starting seedlings and rooting cuttings, but do not have enough intensity to sustain aggressive growth in plants in the later stages of life, and are not efficient enough in their conversion of electrical power to light output.

FREQUENCY - The number of waves or cycles of electromagnetic radiation per second, usually measured in Hertz (Hz).

HALOGEN LAMP - A short name for the tungsten-halogen lamp. Halogen lamps are high pressure incandescent lamps containing halogen gases such as iodine or bromine which allow the filaments to be operated at higher temperatures and higher efficacies. While excellent for home lighting and similar applications, halogen lamps are not effective or efficient as grow lights due to their very poor spectrum (extreme far red) and high operating temperatures.

(HID) HIGH-INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMP - A general term for mercury, metal halide and high-pressure sodium lamps. HID lamps contain compact arc tubes which enclose various gases and metal salts operating at relatively high pressures and temperatures.

(HPS) HIGH-PRESSURE SODIUM LAMP - High-pressure sodium lamps operate by igniting sodium, mercury and xenon gases within a sealed ceramic arc tube. Sodium lamps emit light energy in the yellow/red/orange regions of the spectrum; the red spectrum stimulates flowering and fruit production. Many indoor gardeners switch to sodium lamps when it is time to induce flowering or fruiting of their plants.

HOOD - The reflective cover used in conjunction with an HID lamp. The more reflectivity a hood can provide, the more effective it is.

HOR - An industry code indicating that the bulb is to be operated in a horizontal position.

HOT SPOT (in this case relative to bulb and not reflective material) - The area immediately under an HID lamp where the light intensity is strongest, hot spots cause uneven growth, but can be remedied by using light movers or air-cooling the encased hood.

HOT START TIME - The length of time required to bring an HID lamp to 90% light output after a short power interruption.

IGNITOR - A component of the ballast necessary for the starting of the bulb in sodium systems.

INCANDESCENT LAMP - A light source which generates light utilizing a thin filament wire (usually of tungsten) heated to white heat by an electric current passing through it. Incandescent lamps are the most familiar type of light source, with countless application in homes, stores and other commercial settings. Light is produced by passing electric current through a thin wire filament, usually a tungsten. Incandescent lamps are totally ineffective as grow lights; they have very limited spectrum, are very inefficient in their conversion of electrical power to light output they also put off far too much heat per watt to use in horticulture, even if the above-mentioned problems did not exist.

INTENSITY - A term referring to the magnitude of light energy per unit; light intensity diminishes evenly as you get further from the source.

KELVIN TEMPERATURE (K) - The unit of measurement to express the colour (spectrum) of light emitted by a lamp; the absolute temperature of a blackbody radiator having a chromaticity equal to that of the light source. A standard clear metal halide HID lamp has an average Kelvin temperature rating of 4,000K.

KILOWATT (kW) - A unit of electric power usage equal to 1,000 watts.

KILOWATT HOUR (kWh) - A measurement of electric energy. A kilowatt hour is equal to 1,000 watts of power used over a period of one hour.

LAMP - An electrically energized source of light, commonly called a bulb or tube.

LAMP LIFE - A measure of lamp performance, as measured in median hours of burning time under ANSI test conditions.

LAMP DEPRECIATION (LD) - The decrease over time of lamp output, caused by bulb wall blackening, phosphor exhaustion, filament depreciation, and other factors.

LAMP STARTING - Generic term used to describe a discharge lamp's starting characteristics in terms of time to come to full output, flicker, etc.

LIGHT MOVER - A motorized device which moves an HID lamp back and forth across the ceiling of a grow room to provide more even distribution of the light and reduce hotspots.
LUMEN - A measurement of light output; relative to human perception
which refers to the amount of light emitted by one candle that falls on one square foot of surface located at a distance of one foot from the candle.

LUMINA IRE - A complete lighting unit, consisting of a lamp or lamps together with the components required to distribute the light, position the lamps, and connect the lamps to a power supply. Often referred to as a "fixture."

(MH) METAL HALIDE LAMP - A high-intensity-discharge lamp in which the light is produced by arcing electricity through a mixture of metal halides. The light produced by metal halide lamps is in the white-blue spectrum, which encourages vegetative growth and "bushiness" while discouraging upward growth. This is the bulb to use in the first, vegetative phase of plant growth.

(MV) MERCURY VAPOUR LAMPS - The oldest member of the HID family, mercury vapour lamps work by arcing electricity through mercury vapour. While more efficient than incandescent, halogen and fluorescent lamps, mercury vapour lamps are the least effective of the entire HID family. This, combined with an improper colour spectrum for horticultural applications, makes mercury vapour lamps a poor choice for a grow light.

MOG - Mogul base.

MOL - Maximum overall length of a lamp, from the tip of the base to the top of the bulb.

NECK - The narrow, tubular end of the HID bulb, attached to the threads.

PARABOLIC REFLECTOR - A lighting distribution control device that is designed to redirect the light from an HID lamp in a specific direction. In most applications, the parabolic device directs light down and away from the direct glare zone.

PHOTOPERIOD - The relative periods of light and dark periods within a 24-period. Also referred to as day length.

PHOTOSYNTHESIS - The growth process by which plants build chemical compounds (carbohydrates) from light energy, water and CO2 (carbon dioxide).

PHOTOTROPISM - The gravitation of a plant part toward a light source.

REFLECTOR - The term sometimes used to refer to the reflective hood of an HID lamp.

REFLECTIVITY - The measure of the reflective quality of a surface; the relative ability of a given surface to reflect light away from it without absorbing, diffusing or otherwise compromising the lightâ??s quality, intensity and spectrum.

SOCKET - The threaded, wired receptacle that an HID bulb screws into.

SON-AGRO - A sodium bulb which, according to the manufacturer, produces 30% more blue light than standard sodium bulbs. The 430-watt SON AGRO also emits 6% more light than the standard 400-watt sodium lamp.

SPECULA REFLECTION - The redirection of incident light without diffusion at an angle that is equal to and in the same plane as the angle of incidence. The secular inserts included in Hydrofarmâ??s HID lighting systems work on this principle.

TRANSFORMER - The component in the ballast that transforms electric current from one voltage to another.

U (for UNIVERSAL) - An industry code indicating that the bulb can be operated in any position: horizontal, vertical (base up) or any other.

ULTRAVIOLET (UV) LIGHT - Light with very short wavelengths, out of the visible spectrum.

WATT (W) - A unit used to measure electric power. One watt equals one joule/second.

Zandor can you sticky me? :)

How about Zandor sticking your head right up your ass you fuck?

I'd ban this pricks IP forever.

I like this thread...good job on this :).

Quote:

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Originally Posted by HARDDON

How about Zandor sticking your head right up your ass you fuck?

I'd ban this pricks IP forever.

---

LOL!!!!!!

Oh dude... you don't change, do you? LOL!!!

HarddOn, when you left, I was a newb with about 2 weeks on these boards (I'm still a newb, but with more time on this boards... ???!!! )

But, after your above quote, dude, LOL!

Chill and peace.... Trichome Creator has been proven to be a very valuable asset to these boards. In my opinion. His serious set-back is that he's a Mac user... so we know he can't be reliable in having a good operating system... (:D sorry tC, I'm driving the Apple thing all the way home). Other than that, he posts very good answers and very usefull input.

Still, it's somehow good to see that when HarddOn is back, the shit is definitely hitting the fan.

Peace, love, and fuck damn it, I want happy replies!!! Not shitty replies, no... HAPPY REPLIES,

-turtle420 :cool:

"His serious set-back is that he's a Mac user"

(Is it ok to use fuck in this thread?)

if so, fuck you turtle...
if not... uh sorry


Hardon - have you lost your freaking marbles

Quote:

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Originally Posted by HARDDON

How about Zandor sticking your head right up your ass you fuck?

I'd ban this pricks IP forever.

---

I've read this like 5 times.. and I just keep laughin harder and harder..
and I just want to say one thing...

ding dong - round 1
(how many rounds will ref zandor let this go on for)

Obviously soe of you don;t know the whole story...

I been gone months and know more than you all?????

See what happens when HARD ON takes a break?

The Trichome Creator you say has proven valuable is also known as ZERO REVOLT who logged on and faked his own death....posing as his wife....then....after everybody smokes their last bowl in tribute to him, cry, saddened and all that shit, DEL confirms its the same computer IP posting.

Someone replied with this a bit ago I thought interesting....

"Sorry for the turmoil i created- but the risk of losing money made me read all zero's post's and that is how i stumbled onto the duplicity of the man. now i read my suspicions were correct. Del has confirmed the same ip addy. i got an email today from a person telling me zero had been busted in Charlotte NC.
today by the DEA and all his customers info could be compromised. i told this person they were probly zero himself trying to blow smoke. told him i know i wont get anything in the mail from him so stop trying to cover your tracks. at least i got my cash back.. all this for 50 bucks. i guess he couldnt keep his lies straight in the end"

---------------------------------------------------------------------
I dont know TC he came on after I left I guess...but anyone slimey enuff to pull this kinda shit and hurt innocent people ought to have his ass kicked a couple of times.

Since I am personally not near him to do it, I would just ban his IP.

WOWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW.

AND NOW I KNOW... ALMOST

LADIES and GENTLEMAN... WE MAY HAVE. A WINNER....
WINNNER BY KO.... 4 seconds in the first round...



HARDON... can we get an explanationthat a dumb ass can follow..
something simple... How did this all unravel?

love

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Garden Knowm

"His serious set-back is that he's a Mac user"

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Correct.

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Garden Knowm

(Is it ok to use fuck in this thread?)

---

It always is...

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Garden Knowm

if so, fuck you turtle...
if not... uh sorry

---

I take it you're another Mac user? How's life with 1-button pointing devices treating you? Envy the right-click!

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Garden Knowm

Hardon - have you lost your freaking marbles

---

I trully doubt it... I see this as a reinforcement of HarddOn. It wouldn't be our cuttie-pie pumpking little golden angel if he wasn't like that. He's got all his marbles accounted for.

<><><><><><><><>

Quote:

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Originally Posted by HARDDON

Since I am personally not near him to do it, I would just ban his IP.

---

Bullshit... you'd buy a ticket and go do it your self.
<><><><><><>

Now I'm interested in tC's reply. I don't know... didn't understand Holme's work.

One last cry for peace,

-turtle420 :cool:

HARDDON. I love you. Trichome...you're pathetic...50 dollars...wow....



...



woowwwww

I think we should wait for tCreator's reply before trashing the fellow.

I'm not sure again what the acusations are, but I stand by what I said (ok, wrote): I think he's helped quite some.

BTW: Me, turtle, I'm just trying to promote world peace. I'm not affiliated to Trichome, to HarddOn, to Garden or to Don King. Just to Master Splinter.

Actually NoChowderForYou was the first to raise doubts about the claim....

Read the whole thread for yerselves.....then you make up your own decisions.

Chowder ....great call my man.

TC.....are you that lonely?

I bet you are now.
----------------------------------------

YOu can read the whole 6 page long drama yourselves...Personally I don't have the time I used to have so I could worry about this crap. I'm over it....but watch who you guys honor will ya?????

Just cuz a guy has 1900 posts in 2 months shouldn't be reason for admiration.

Anyhow, kudos to nochowder for speaking up first.

http://boards.cannabis.com/showthrea...6&page=1&pp=25

Working from here: http://boards.cannabis.com/showthrea...6&page=5&pp=25
This person spoke to me... I can relate to their feelings:

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Lulu

Ar dheis Dé go raibh a anam

Lulu x :(

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And the irrelevant-post award goes to.... ..... ....

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Swizzy89304

Just makes you think what could've happened if we were driving around in cars make from Hemp... if it was able to withstand a blow from a crowbar with not so much as a scratch, then Chris would, at worst, come out with a few broken bones and a bit of whiplash.

The government of today makes me sick. If Hemp were used for energy, we would'nt have this global warming and energy crisis. If Hemp were used for paper, we would have billions of acres of lush, green forest, and millions more monkeys, parrots, and other Rainforest creatures. If Hemp was used for cars, Chris would still be with us.

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Hemp cars? What the fuck kind of Chronic are you smoking?
Hemp stronger than a Volvo? Are you fucking nuts? Or are you just stoned?

Ok, but he redeemed himself with this one:

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Swizzy89304

I really hope you do get involved in a car accident now, Chris - but not die, just remain a cabbage for life. You'll get no sympathy from me, just a laugh and 'served you right'.

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I laughed at this one. :D
...........
And finally....

Quote:

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Originally Posted by del...

yes, they are the same person...or at least using the same puter...

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Ouch...

-turtle420 :cool:

And to think you created a signature typed from the fingers of a man who would allow people to be hurt like that.........

You should be more like Da1Crazy Thuglette....

Yea! :D i love you HD. man its good to have you back ;-)

Long Live the Hardon..i mean Hardon..i mean.. fuk you know wa i mean