View Full Version : Subs Super Soil 101
Subcool
12-10-2006, 11:22 PM
I am making up a new batch of Super soil and I get so many questions on the way I do it I thought Iâ??d shoot this labor intensive process. The main change is a soil I am trying that the new hydro store carries. Northern Lights Hydro is a chain and we had never shopped there before. The guy was ultra nice and gave us a 10% discount on the entire order and gave us a free bottle of Vita Grow Rooting Hormone and a Free Fox farm T-shirt. His prices rocked to so I am trying his new product. I always use at least 2-3 large bags of high quality organic soil in addition too 2 large bales of sunshine mix. I had been using a local product but last run it was mainly peat and bark and I wasnâ??t impressed so I am adding this product as well as some blood meal to stop the fading I got to early last run.
â??Lignite, also known as leonardite, mined lignin, brown coal, and slack, is an important constituent to the oil well, drilling industry. Lignite, or leonardite as it will be referred as hereafter, is technically known as a low rank coal between peat and sub-bituminous. Leonardite was named for Dr. A.G. Leonard, North Dakota's first state geologist, who was a pioneer in the study of lignite deposits. Leonardite is applied to products having a high content of humic acid. Humic acid has been found to be very useful as a drilling mud thinner.â?
So lets take a look at the ingredients of this new product
Roots Organic
Coca Fiber
Perlite
Pumice
Compost
Peat Moss
Bone Meal, bat Guano, kelp meal, green sand, soy bean meal, Leonardite, K-mag, Glacial Rock Dust, Alfalfa meal, Oyster Shell Flour,
Earth worm castings and Mycorrhizae.
I have always believed in giving my plants a wide range of soils and additives I figure it's like a buffet they get all they need. I use large containers because I hate root bound plants and can put the same clone in a 5 gallon and a #10 and the plant in the larger pot wil drawf the smaller containered plant.
Subcool
12-10-2006, 11:31 PM
Here are the amounts
2- 1.5 Cubis Feet bags Roots Organic ( Or Any high quality Potting soil
2- Large bales Sunshine Mix #4
3- 25# bags Organic Worm poop
5# Steamed Bone meal
5# Bloom bat Guano
2.5# Blood meal
ž cup Epson salts
½ cup Sweet Lime ( Dolimite)
½ Cup Azomite ( Trace Elements)
This is the same basic recipe I have used for 15 years the hardest ingrediant to aquire is the worm castings most people don't even know what worm poop is.
what it is is magic
Subcool
12-10-2006, 11:34 PM
I open all ingredients and place inside the baby pool. This one has been used so many times it has 2 big holes in it but I just sweep up the mess.
I place the Sunshine in first chopping it up with a rake then I place the powdered nutrients in a circle around the mound. Then goes in the bat poop and then the potting soil. The Azomite is a granular product I found at a local feed shop for replacing trace elements in soil after a crop. I use this mainly when I replenish my soil but this is a 100% fresh batch. Then itâ??s as simple as my Skipper used to say â?? Put your back into itâ?. This is hard work and I am kinda obsessed even breaking up all the clods of soil my hand. I mix for about 15 minutes then I store in large tuperware bins and a few garbage cans. This will be repeated 2 more times as I like to make sure its mixed up well.
Once itâ??s placed in the containers I water it slightly adding maybe 3 gallons or water to a large garbage can full. It will make the stirring harder next week but it will activate the Mycorrhizae and I think help all the powders dissolve.
I try and buy the highest quality meals and additives as possible I'd hate to ruin a crop trying to save 10$.
Subcool
12-10-2006, 11:36 PM
***Disclaimer**
This soil is really hot and you cannot plant seedlings or clones directly into it. When I do my final transplant into #10 pots I fill each pot 1/4 full with Super soil and the top 3/4 I add plain potting soil and stir the top portion. This allows the roots to become used to the soil. After a few days the growth on a transplant is amazing Jillâ??s Comment was most peoples soil plants donâ??t grow that fast. At 30 days I top dress with more super soil!!
Using this soil itâ??s not necessary to add nutrients with the exception of bloom maybe once and Liquid karma and Bcuzz to enhance flavor.
Hope thatâ??s helps the final shot is all cleaned up it took me about 30 minutes and cost on products was about 125$
Give it a shot if your into incredible flavor.***Warning! ***
Subcool
12-10-2006, 11:39 PM
No edit feature sorry.
Thanks to Vic High for the basic recipe off the old BCGA forums
I tweaked it some:)
Subcool
12-10-2006, 11:46 PM
Once the soil has cooked or sat for a month or so were ready to transplant into the final pots. I use #10 nursery pots now that will hold a full 7 gallons of liguid. I 7 may not sound bigger than a 5 but let me tell you these slanted #10 pots hold a bunch of soil!
So I store the soil in large cans and then use the same kiddie pool I mix in to transplant in. Helps keep the mess down. I fill each pot ž full with the super soil. I then fill the top half with plain potting soil. This buffers the roots and gives the plants time to get used to the hot soil I use.
Subcool
12-10-2006, 11:50 PM
Itâ??s important to water the plants well before transplanting. This helps prevent shock a nice damp root ball will make a happy plant. Make sure the roots do not touch direct super soil use you hand to mix the plain potting soil around with the super soil. Place a hand full of plain soil in the hole you transplant in. Gently flip the plant upside down. Wack the bottom with palm of hand to loosen the root ball. Support the plant by placing hand on pot allowing stem to protrude though fingers. Remove from pot and support the base. Flip upright and place in hole made into the soil.
Subcool
12-10-2006, 11:54 PM
Fill in the area and smooth over the soil. I like to lift pot and bang in once on the concrete to settle it all down then I pack it down a bit with hands. Make sure soil is slightly under pot rim so water will not run over. Always keep labels straight removing tag from pot and placing into new container 1 at a time. Crossing moms is a major nono. Load into room and take a look at all the hard work!
Subcool
12-11-2006, 12:00 AM
One of the things that is very important in a garden is canopy management. There are so many ways to grow cannabis but in the US in legal medical gardens we have number restrictions. This means we have to learn to get the same yields to supply our meds from less plants. We accomplish this by employing several methods that I will cover here today. Once we have our plants topped properly with multi heads and our girls grow up a bit we should have 18-24â? plants with at least 3 heads or more. Cleaning off all lower growth and using as clones is how we do it. The light canâ??t penetrate this far under the canopy anyway.
I take a small drill and some twine. Drilling a hole in the rim of the pot under each branch I carefully secure the twine and gently spread open each plant. Be careful not to split the main stem and if you do so you can bind it with wire ties. It doesnâ??t seem to hurt things even if you do. Each plant is now much wider and takes up a lot more room but all lower buds are exposed and we have reduced the total height of the canopy.
This is also known as LST
Subcool
12-11-2006, 12:05 AM
To get a good start on this style itâ??s important to top the plants early. As soon as my clones have rooted well and have started to grow I chop out the meristem causing the plant to divide into 2 growing shots. If this is performed low enough the plant will actually develop 3 heads just leave 3 nodes.
Canopy management is the key to high yields especially when working with legal medical limits.
Subcool
12-11-2006, 12:10 AM
You can see how the plants respond to intense light and early topping nice even growth and nice short spacing. This is maximizing lumens and canopy management at its max.
Itâ??s very hard to take pictures in my bud room because I run both a Metal halide and a HPS in combo so itâ??s impossible to white balance. I wanted you to see how full I am able to get a 6 x 11 bud room with just 11 plants using this method.
You can see how light is able to reach the maximum number of heads and filter down into each plant. The ones in the back got very tall this run and I had to tie them more bending the tops. You can see them bent over in these fuzzy pics. Again My skill in shooting is all in set up and I just took these in a dark room but you can still see how thick and lush everything is.:smokin:
I hope these tips help you guys if you need anything specific ask and I will try to get to it.
Sub
OniEhtRedrum781
12-11-2006, 01:29 AM
Subcool, you are amazing..
Subcool
12-11-2006, 01:54 AM
Well if you have followed my how to threads on Soil making, Topping, Transplanting, Plant bondage then you will love these pictures. This is the Subcab and its full to the max. We have a lovely assortment loaded in this full 11 x 5 area, its kinda crowded in there but your looking at 2 Apollo-13â??s, 2 Space Queen Câ??s, Tiny Bomb, Jacks Cleaner, JTR, Soul Cleaner, and JCB.
The hoods are almost raised to max in the rear and I have added a additional 400 MH in the center of the two 1000 watt hoods. I am also happy to have a full room of Sinsemelia as I have nothing seeded this round. We have our SQ male in the veg room and we will load up next run but for now its all about summer stash for Jill me and our patients
Were on day 31 here and itâ??s hard to believe Soul Cleaner will be done in only 20 days and Tiny Bomb is actually ready before this. I wonâ??t to max out the small wonder an go past 50 with her so when I meet with Bog in may I can put the red eye on him.
I see many people with all types of small problems that effect there end product, Temperature control is critical and I can maintain a temp of 75 degrees with the exception of August where it may creep to 80. I have 465 CFMs coming through
The two 1k hoods and a 8000 BTU window unit to cool and dehumidify this small area.
I also have 265 cfmâ??s of fresh air cross over from the photo room. I also have this area secluded up stairs and Iâ??m able to allow a box fan to circulate air from a 900 sq foot area.
If you have a canopy temp of over 90 without CO2 you are not reaching max potential.
Subcool
12-11-2006, 01:59 AM
These plants are in my super soil but the plant in Roots soil looks just as good. I have fed them only Ph adjusted water and one feeding of Bcuzz @ ž ML per gallon. I actually moved all my fancy colored bottles outside so I am not tempted by there claims of better results
Subcool
12-11-2006, 02:04 AM
Now what you don't see here is I carry plants that are in the in my former veg room anything that not of budding hieght gets moved into Vegroom Annex B at 6.am and moved back at 6pm. this gives me an extra bud area to finish off plants that have reached 30". Its a tight squeeze as the hood in this room can't be raised very much so the second plants finish in the main bud room like SQ C and 3D both very fast strains I have a fully mature already budding plant to fill the spot. This allows harvest very often but dosn't allow alot of free time of sleeping late.
Tip of the day!
You get out what you put in!!!
Subcool
12-11-2006, 02:10 AM
So what do you get from all this hard work?
This covers how a hyper person with OCD can divert his energy into a garden and using some not so standard methods pump up the yearly jar count.
I want to caution everyone again if you use this Super Soil as directed donâ??t feed your damn plants!! I canâ??t be more clear and even though I knew this I ignored my own advise(I do this a lot) and last crop was one of the worst ever as far as yield amazingly Jill and I were just commenting that burning the plants with to much nutrients seemed to make everything finish faster? Lets hope there is not a lot of experience on this theory.
This:jointsmile:
Jack the Ripper 100% Organic
Subcool
12-11-2006, 02:18 AM
Lighting is everything with pictures but taking pictures of Cannabis is very different for a few reasons. Many people cannot move there plants from out under there HID lighting and this makes it extremely hard to get a good spectrum if you canâ??t go mobile with your plants then move the good lighting into the room just before lights on and work fast!
If you can set up a area it only takes about 4x4 and some cheap white cloth to make a box and then a few CFLâ??s to shine either on the plant or bounce of the sheet according to desired effect. This one thing along with a back drop is why I take such great pictures.
Like growing weed the set up can be everything.
I think the canopy heat issue deserves discussing as I have seen a lot of heat related problems when people ask for my help. Heat can effect potency, taste, yield and also make you garden smell even worse as the buds cook under high temps.
Make sure you place a sensor at Canopy level so you know the ambient and radiant heat level.
Subcool
12-11-2006, 04:09 AM
Ok we havenâ??t been hiding this girl she was just far in the back and kinda hard to manage as shes almost 5 feet and lanky as hell. Then as day 50 approaches the magic of cannabis kicks in and something amazing happens. A pungent sour smell started moving around the garden last week and I couldnâ??t put my finger on it. Normally the Space Queen Cherry has the entire area reeking of Cherry funk but this was different. I used to tend bar and this smell reminds me of a whisky sour. Actually it reminds me of the catch trey at the end of the night after working with sour mix and triple sec all night. Even Jill the ultimate pot snob remarked that is the strongest sour I have ever smelled. Completely different from the block head Candy pheno she will show you guys later this one picked up that latent sativa trait you hear me speak of.
We really need Smellovision
This however is no mild Speed racer or even the Sativa Dom 3D I posted last night. Where that one smells like Jamaican to me this one is just wild. It had two suck ass tips on the buds that I chopped off earlier and the buds took on a much better look but I left one un topped so you can see why we didnâ??t keep this cut even though I cannot wait to smoke it.
One really cool thing about being a breeder is once I create a strain finding another pheno is just a matter of cracking some more beans. Our garden is not set up for strains that take longer than 60 days simple if theres things in the Agent Orange seeds that smells like this you will see me cracking some more seeds very soon. If you filled your garden with this female and the Block head one youâ??d have hella variety and both ends of the high spectrum
budsmoker only
12-11-2006, 04:14 AM
subcool, all of your threads that i have seen are amazing and make me want to grow and be able to have the ability you have.. wheni get my own place i am most defintely gonna hunt one of these down for some advice.. keep em coming and thank you
Subcool
12-11-2006, 04:16 AM
Well itâ??s time to show you guys one of the things that makes my job hard at times. This is 3D and its my final run growing her out. Whatâ??s wrong with this plant you ask? Not a god damn thing, but I simply canâ??t keep every girl I run and so I have passed this girl on for safe keeping and distribution with a medical friend of ours ( Smokey). She looks even better one her clone run and at day 47 sheâ??s getting close to complete.
Before looking at the buds lets get resinated
The Third Dimension
Apollo-13 X Jack the Ripper
TGA Hybrid
Subcool
12-11-2006, 04:24 AM
I may have harvested this girl a bit early the first run, A-13 hybrids are famous for getting amber trichomes very early but the full plant is not mature. I have seen A-13 amber at day 32 and we know it will go 65 and the difference in potency is staggering although some taste is lost. I am going to let her go some extra days this time see what the potency level does.
The smell is very tropical almost like a pack of Tropical Fruit lifesavers. There are hints of Mango, Orange, Pineapple, and sour green apple. The main bonus on this over looked strain is speed. This girl looks to go 3-4 zipps and has been crammed in the back of the room with no attention and simple water every 4 days. It cloned easy and with one topping became a wonder bush.
The buzz is very strong and comes on fast, no JTR creeper here but instant gratification. First a nice mouthful of flavor and then a total head buzz as the Apollo-13 genes wiggle your brain around a bit. As the space queen portion pushes its way into your mind a smile appears and the first thought that came to mind was pleasant weed. Pleasant buzz, pleasant taste, a breeze to grow, and she makes great bubble.
Subcool
12-11-2006, 04:30 AM
subcool, all of your threads that i have seen are amazing and make me want to grow and be able to have the ability you have.. wheni get my own place i am most defintely gonna hunt one of these down for some advice.. keep em coming and thank you
That really is why I do what I do to inspire others to tend the plant.
We trully benifit from cannabis in so many ways.
The plant can trully heal the sick and feed the planet.
The other sativa pheno I also culled but man what a amazing super sativa high. I sent the buds to a sat lover and he just raved on the quality of the high. I would love to keep this girl but thanks to my new clone drop I can regain her as long as Smokey can keep his grow bug free.
Subcool
12-11-2006, 04:41 AM
I am more that happy with the results of this cross. I started smoking the A-13 dominant phenotype named Storm on Sunday and at first I swore I had grabbed a bud of Apollo. I really enjoy this smoke with the right amount of potency but also a super sweet and sour taste that I like so much.
Were closing everything up here and I took down the last Vortex named Cosmos and she just gave me a double hanger full of nice large dence apollo like colas. I can smell more sweet cherry in this largest female
Cosmos cut last night.
Apollo-13 x Space Queen
TGA Hybrid
Organic Medical Cannabis
Very Impresed with this one she looks to go over 3 zipps easy:eek:
Subcool
12-11-2006, 04:48 AM
This is Cosmo harvested now I confuse people naming a strain(Vortex) and a female phenotype(Cosmos) that just stands for Vortex Plant label C Dynamo is D and so on. Vortex is such a cool name the space theam just stuck.
So we planted 5 seeds and got 3 nice females all similar but slightly diff in taste and effect but all 3 are keepers.
I selected strom to leave us in the end but only because the other 2 were so outstanding.
Subcool
12-11-2006, 04:55 AM
This is Dynamo the most SQ dom pheno and also nice hard thick buds that are sweet and covered in resins that have a candy like odor
Vortex (Apollo-13 X Space Queen)
My oldest head stash crossed with my new favorite. Both have similar pungent, rotten fruit, baby poo smells. Both carry heavy potency and copious amounts of resins. This combination of Cannabis Freaks wonâ??t win any vigor or yield awards but for serious collectors of recessives this is a must have. Expect weird mutations and incredibly sticky freaks of nature. This hybrid tends to grow like a vine and need serious tending to achieve decent yields. I yielded just over 4 Ounces in soil using lots of plant bondage and training. This strain is offered mainly to collectors who have experienced the high or unique smell of either parent. This is not a strain for someone new to indoor growing or large scale grows looking for big production. It is a strain that with luck you can find a once in a lifetime mom for head stash. Brothers Grimm meet Vic High in a genetic soup that is one for the history books. Look for colas to dreadlock out and almost appear seeded they swell so full.
Incredible Apollo-13 smell and growth patterns
Get next years best strain now!
1. Phenotypes -Medium variation with phenotypes like both parent strains
2. Height-Short, vine like but beefy, medium internodal spacing
3. Yield-Medium/ Medium hard to trim
4. Indoor/Outdoor
5. Best Way to grow- Wide sagging bush with hundreds of bud sites. Lots of stakes and string
6. Harvest Window-45-55 days
7. Sativa/ Indica 80/20
8. Hybrid-Genius X P75 X Romulan X Cindy99
9. High type-heart racing, energizing, confusing, stoned, ripped curled under, stupidity
10. Smells like Mango Snapple with lemon/ Taste like sweetened lemonade.
11. Very unique Cindy like plant with a bizarre twist, very potent
She gave up 2.25 zipps.
Subcool
12-11-2006, 05:00 AM
Finally this is Storm my personal favorite as its so like apollo but was easier to grow and yileded alot more per stalk than apollo ever does.
Kinda in between the other two in flavor and very giggly happy high.
Storm
Ok If your not at least interested in Organics Id be shocked :)
Have a good evening.
Comments welcome.
Sub
I was gonna say damn nice pics and ask how but then you made a post about it so now I'm gonna try your suggestions. Can I ask what camera you use? I bought one on ebay last year but not a very expensive one (5megapixel though PolaroidPDC5355) and I can't get a good closeup, even with macro.
I'll probably just end up buying a better cam and passing this one on to the teenager.
Anyway nice tut, nice grow and nice pics. +rep
ps. I think I remember you from OG, if you are the same Subcool.
Abattoir Dream
12-11-2006, 10:15 AM
hey subcool, just wanted to ask a quick question, why do you use pumis? i know roughly what it does, and figured it was a waste of money, but im just wondering why YOU use it, what does it promote? or is it just because you can? plz answer this one, im really curious...:) - ps. good job, as ever ;)
Subcool
12-11-2006, 01:30 PM
I shoot with a Nikon D-50 and an assortment of Lens and a Sigma Ring flash
The Pumice is added by the Roots Soil mix and who knows other than trace minerals but as I always say when I eat I like variety I am sure my plants feel the same way.
Yes I was subcool at OG with 12000 pics I taught Bog to grow and supplied him with his base genetics for life saver and Blue Moon rocks.
While everyone else was on the boards I went to jail for 2 years for cultivation.
Sub
Yes I was subcool at OG with 12000 pics I taught Bog to grow and supplied him with his base genetics for life saver and Blue Moon rocks.
While everyone else was on the boards I went to jail for 2 years for cultivation.
Sub
Glad you're back and let me say it's an honour to be able to learn from you.
Abattoir Dream
12-13-2006, 11:36 AM
While everyone else was on the boards I went to jail for 2 years for cultivation.
Sub
harsh....
thnx for answerin the question, your probably right, variety is always better, thnx m8 :)
stinkyattic
12-13-2006, 03:44 PM
Subcool-
I had no idea that you were behing some of BOGs strains... that's fantastic; he's my breeding hero and I drove my motorcycle to freaking Toronto from New England (via Madison WI; lol, don't ask!!!) to pick up some of his strains at Sacred since everywhere else was sold out. BMR was one of those actually.
I must say that after seeing that last long breeding thread of yours I was inspired to go to cannaseur and order Vortex, Jillybean ( I want Space Dude's grandchildren, lol!!!) and hopefully they will toss in those Space Queen F2s.
My current soil mix is REALLY simple; currently jus t composted cow manure, humus, 40% perlite, worm castings, that's it. The manure-humus mix was suggested by a friend who works at the state ag extension as being naturally buffered in the exact range that cannabis prefers and since switching, it's true there have been no, nada, not a single pH problem in any of my crops.
I've been looking for a good source of leonardite actually. Wanted to add it to the mix for humic acid... and spread it on my suffering lawn!
Saw your little blurb on it... are you actually able to obtain it as the mined substance or do you prefer a liquefied extract like Soil Syrup? Just kind of curious.
Anyway keep up the inspiring work. Your threads are so user-friendly :D
Subcool
12-19-2006, 02:40 AM
Many of the products in my mix come from the store bought soil mix called Roots organic. It is chalked full of diversity and I use it about 50% ratio now and my mix as a consentrate.
Stinky thats awesome bro you will be very happy with those choices I think Vortex is becoming one of my favorite smokes now along with lavender.
I am sure Cannaseur will hook you up with freebies its how we do things and they wont be lame genes :)
Sub
stinkyattic
12-19-2006, 02:47 PM
Stinky thats awesome bro you will be very happy with those choices I think Vortex is becoming one of my favorite smokes now along with lavender.
I am sure Cannaseur will hook you up with freebies its how we do things and they wont be lame genes :)
Sub
Haha that's 'sistah' to you! :D
Got the beans... didn't get the SQ F2s I was drooling over but they DID send 2 packs of Jacks Surprise so no biotching outta this chick!
I'm still trying to get those SQs though.
Subcool
12-29-2006, 03:06 PM
SQ has become one of the hottest strains around and I simply ran low at the time you ordered :)
The JS is bad ass bro for real!
Sub
stinkyattic
12-29-2006, 04:20 PM
Well actually it's all good as 'doc' has agreed to send out the SQs since there seems to have been a slight misunderstanding with my ship/bill addys. Very nice of him actually. At a time when I am trying to streamline my collection it will be a wonderful 'keeper'.
AAAAH you keep calling me bro... but I'm a chick!!!!! :D
Subcool
12-29-2006, 06:40 PM
Jill hates that and I will not forget again sister :)
Please forgive me and thank you for all the nice responces.
Does Bob rock or what!
Sub
stinkyattic
12-29-2006, 06:45 PM
That's for sure. And having recently had a bad experience with a VERY poor White Rhino breeding over at Nirvana that almost resulted in a seedisaster... herms coming out my EARS... and I don't think I'm a slouch when it comes to preventing them either- rest of the strains are fine... it's really good to find another dependable source for beans. Well and thanks for rep... means a lot coming from you.
Mosiah
01-09-2007, 08:14 PM
Sub, you have possibly the greatest pictures I have ever seen. One question though, since its hard to make an estimate through pictures, what is the average yield in wieght per plant of yours?
OzzyOz
01-09-2007, 08:17 PM
wow
great!!!
it's good your posting up info like this, i really think it's gonna motivate alot of people to do organic grows etc.
peace
Way2many
01-10-2007, 12:39 AM
Good stuff there sub, not only the bud but that soil recipe i printed it out and put in my grow binder for future refernece because one day i want to grow...and have been interested in organics.
Appreciate it.
blunt_king
01-11-2007, 05:50 AM
long time no see subcool. wasnt sure if i'd ever see pics from you again. sure did take me long enough to find this place LoL. was nice to see you still at it. greetings ;D man i was sure sad to find out i lost all my pics. lost a few memories from that. oh well. starting all over. peace
Blunt_King
hemp69
01-21-2007, 06:25 AM
Its just me just i would be afraid to even touch that stuff. looks too scarry. haha very nice.I say your god/:jointsmile:
N3D FLANDERS
01-21-2007, 06:36 AM
You my friend are fucking amazing
your truly do have a "green thumb"
and the final product....absolutely breathtaking.
MotleyCrueBoy24
01-28-2007, 11:39 PM
Awesome ... Can't wait till i'm on my own and I can start growing my own.
Subcool
01-31-2007, 02:16 AM
Sub, you have possibly the greatest pictures I have ever seen. One question though, since its hard to make an estimate through pictures, what is the average yield in wieght per plant of yours?
My smaller strains give me 2-3 ounces and the larger ones can go as much as 5 ounces. running 12 plants under 2K I average about 36 total.
Thats every 50-60 days
Thanks for all the incredibly kind photos.
Sub
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